Factors Influencing Digital Technology Adoption among Young Farmers in Indonesia
Keywords:
ICT adoption, Digital divide, Young farmersAbstract
farmers in Indonesia using survey data from 345 young farmers in Bogor Regency. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire and analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). Findings indicate that digital motivation had a positive and significant impact on digital skills (t = 18.509, p < 0.01), which further facilitates the use of ICT for communication (t = 9.087, p < 0.01), acquisition of agricultural information (t = 6.508, p < 0.001), and marketing agricultural products (t = 5.538, p < 0.01). Higher access (t = 2.291, p < 0.05) and longer ICT experience (t = 2.213, p < 0.05) strengthened the relationship between motivation and digital skills. The influence of digital skills on marketing was more pronounced in the highly educated group than in the secondary-educated group (t = 2.194, p < 0.05). This study recommends that policymakers and agricultural organizations develop targeted strategies to enhance young farmers’ digital skills, motivation, and access. Strengthening digital capacity through education, training, and inclusive access can enhance technology utilization, productivity, and sustainability in the agricultural sector.References
Adesiyan, A. T., Olaniyan, I. R., Gaya, H. I., & Kehinde, A. D. (2023). A gendered
approach to determinants of adoption of cassava-legume intensification
technology and its impact on households’ poverty status in innovation platforms
of Southwestern Nigeria. African Journal of Science, Technology, Innovation and
Development, 15(7), 923–942. https://doi.org/10.1080/20421338.2023.2220637
Afzal, A., Khan, S., Daud, S., Ahmad, Z., & Butt, A. (2023). Addressing the Digital Divide:
Access and Use of Technology in Education. Journal of Social Sciences Review,
(2), 883–895. https://doi.org/10.54183/jssr.v3i2.326
Baghel, P., & Pyari, C. (2025). E-Competency: A Vital Skill for the Digital Era.
International
Journal
For
Multidisciplinary
https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2025.v07i05.56044
Research,
(5).
Barbie, A., Hasselbring, W., & Hansen, M. (2024). Digital Twin Prototypes for Supporting
Automated Integration Testing of Smart Farming Applications. Symmetry, 16(2),
https://doi.org/10.3390/sym16020221
Barra, C., Grimaldi, M., Muazzam, A., Troisi, O., & Visvizi, A. (2024). Digital divide,
gender gap, and entrepreneurial orientation: How to foster technology adoption
among Pakistani higher education students? Socio-Economic Planning Sciences,
, 101904. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seps.2024.101904
Barrett, H., & Rose, D. C. (2022). Perceptions of the Fourth Agricultural Revolution:
What’s In, What’s Out, and What Consequences are Anticipated? Sociologia
Ruralis, 62(2), 162–189. https://doi.org/10.1111/soru.12324
Bertoglio, R., Corbo, C., Renga, F. M., & Matteucci, M. (2021). The Digital Agricultural
Revolution: A Bibliometric Analysis Literature Review. IEEE Access, 9, 134762
https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3115258
BPS-Statistics Bogor Regency. (2025). Statistik Daerah Kabupaten Bogor 2025.
Chetri, P., Sharma, U., & Vigneswara Ilavarasan, P. (2024). Weather information, farm
level climate adaptation and farmers’ adaptive capacity: Examining the role of
information and communication technologies. Environmental Science & Policy,
, 103630. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2023.103630
Dhal, S., Wyatt, B. M., Mahanta, S., Bhattarai, N., Sharma, S., Rout, T., Saud, P., &
Acharya, B. S. (2024). Internet of Things (IoT) in digital agriculture: An overview.
Agronomy Journal, 116(3), 1144–1163. https://doi.org/10.1002/agj2.21385
Dijk, J. van. (2005). The deepening divide: Inequality in the information society. SAGE
Publications, Inc. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781452229812
Durand, A., Zijlstra, T., Hamersma, M., Hoen, A., van Oort, N., Hoogendoorn-Lanser, S.,
& Hoogendoorn, S. (2023). “Who can I ask for help?”: Mechanisms behind digital
inequality
in
public
transport.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2023.104335
Cities,
,
Faloye, S. T., & Ajayi, N. (2022). Understanding the impact of the digital divide on South
African students in higher educational institutions. African Journal of Science,
Technology,
Innovation
and
Development,
https://doi.org/10.1080/20421338.2021.1983118
(7),
–1744.
Fragomeli, R., Annunziata, A., & Punzo, G. (2024). Promoting the Transition towards
Agriculture 4.0: A Systematic Literature Review on Drivers and Barriers.
Sustainability, 16(6), 2425. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16062425
Geng, W., Liu, L., Zhao, J., Kang, X., & Wang, W. (2024). Digital Technologies Adoption
and Economic Benefits in Agriculture: A Mixed-Methods Approach. Sustainability,
(11), 4431. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16114431
Goller, M., Caruso, C., & Harteis, C. (2021). Digitalisation in Agriculture: Knowledge and
Learning Requirements of German Dairy Farmers. International Journal for
Research in Vocational Education and Training, 8(2), 208–223.
https://doi.org/10.13152/IJRVET.8.2.4
Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2022). A primer on partial least
squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) (Third Edition). SAGE.
Han, H., Xiong, J., & Zhao, K. (2022). Digital inclusion in social media marketing adoption:
the role of product suitability in the agriculture sector. Information Systems and
E-Business Management, 20(4), 657–683. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10257-021
-7
Izuogu, C. U., Njoku, L. C., Olaolu, M. O., Kadurumba, P. C., Azuamairo, G. C., & Agou,
G. D. (2023). A Review of the Digitalization of Agriculture in Nigeria. Journal of
Agricultural Extension, 27(2), 47–64. https://doi.org/10.4314/jae.v27i2.5
Ji, S., & Zhuang, J. (2023). The Impact Path of Digital Literacy on Farmers’
Entrepreneurial Performance: Based on Survey Data in Jiangsu Province.
Sustainability, 15(14), 11159. https://doi.org/10.3390/su151411159
Juha?ák, L., Brücknerová, K., Nekardová, B., & Zounek, J. (2024). Goal Setting and Goal
Orientation as Predictors of Learning Satisfaction and Online Learning Behavior
in Higher Education Blended Courses. Studia Paedagogica, 28(3), 39–58.
https://doi.org/10.5817/SP2023-3-2
Kem, D. (2024). Digital Divide: Examining Socioeconomic Inequalities in Internet Access
and Usage. International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research, 6(6).
https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2024.v06i06.30386
Ma, J. K. (2024). Digital Divide, Global. In The Blackwell Encyclopedia of Sociology (pp.
–6). Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781405165518.wbeos0563.pub2
Ma, W., Qiu, H., & Rahut, D. B. (2023). Rural development in the digital age: Does
information and communication technology adoption contribute to credit access
and income growth in rural China? Review of Development Economics, 27(3),
–1444. https://doi.org/10.1111/rode.12943
Mädamürk, K., Tuominen, H., Hietajärvi, L., & Salmela-Aro, K. (2021). Adolescent
students’ digital engagement and achievement goal orientation profiles.
Computers
&
Education,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2020.104058
,
Mhlanga, D., & Ndhlovu, E. (2023). Digital Technology Adoption in the Agriculture Sector:
Challenges and Complexities in Africa. Human Behavior and Emerging
Technologies, 2023, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/6951879
Mohyuddin, G., Khan, M. A., Haseeb, A., Mahpara, S., Waseem, M., & Saleh, A. M.
(2024). Evaluation of Machine Learning Approaches for Precision Farming in
Smart Agriculture System: A Comprehensive Review. IEEE Access, 12, 60155
https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2024.3390581
Nacaro?lu, O., K?zkapan, O., & Demir, H. (2025). Middle School Students’ Motivations
and Learning Competencies in Science: Mediating Role of Digital Literacy.
Psychology in the Schools, 62(5), 1475–1487. https://doi.org/10.1002/pits.23400
Narwane, V. S., Gunasekaran, A., & Gardas, B. B. (2022). Unlocking adoption challenges
of IoT in Indian Agricultural and Food Supply Chain. Smart Agricultural
Technology, 2, 100035. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atech.2022.100035
Naseri, R. N. N., & Idris, N. H. (2025). Addressing Low Digital Literacy Among Rural
Farmers Through the AGRIKIT. International Journal of Research and Innovation
in
Social
Science,
https://doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2025.9010404
IX(I),
–5208.
Nwangwu, K. N., Onyenekwe, C. S., Opata, P. I., Ume, C. O., & Ume, N. N. C. (2024).
Can digital technology promote market participation among smallholder farmers?
International Food and Agribusiness Management Review, 27(4), 706–728.
https://doi.org/10.22434/ifamr2023.0065
Nwoye, I. I., Onubogu, O. H., & Uzochukwu, I. E. (2022). Availability and utilization of
digital marketing tools among fresh African catfish marketers in Omambala
Region of Anambra State, Nigeria. Journal of Agricultural Extension, 26(2), 61
https://doi.org/10.4314/jae.v26i2.7
Oladipo, I. F., Ogunleye, K. Y., Olaniyi, O. A., & Dlamini, M. M. (2024). Determinants of
Information and Communication Technology Usage Among Cassava Value
Chain Actors in Southwest, Nigeria. Journal of Agricultural Extension, 28(3), 32
https://doi.org/10.4314/jae.v28i3.4
Özsoy, D., Akbulut, E., At?lgan, S. S., & Muschert, G. W. (2020). Determinants of digital
skills in Northeast Anatolia, Turkey. Journal of Multicultural Discourses, 15(2),
–164. https://doi.org/10.1080/17447143.2020.1797053
Rahmadani, E., & Elinur, E. (2024). Digital Marketing Strategies in Increasing the
Competitiveness of Agricultural Products in the Digital Economy Era. Global
International
Journal
of
Innovative
https://doi.org/10.59613/global.v2i9.307
Research,
(9),
–2164.
Riaz, A. R., Gilani, S. M. M., Naseer, S., Alshmrany, S., Shafiq, M., & Choi, J.-G. (2022).
Applying Adaptive Security Techniques for Risk Analysis of Internet of Things
(IoT)-Based
Smart
Agriculture.
https://doi.org/10.3390/su141710964
Sustainability,
(17),
Rose, D. C., Barkemeyer, A., de Boon, A., Price, C., & Roche, D. (2023). The old, the
new, or the old made new? Everyday counter-narratives of the so-called fourth
agricultural revolution. Agriculture and Human Values, 40(2), 423–439.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10460-022-10374-7
Sharma, A., Singh, S. K., Kumar, S., Thakur, R., Gupta, B. B., & Arya, V. (2024). IoT
enabled smart farming with Industry 5.0. Journal of High Speed Networks, 30(3),
–496. https://doi.org/10.3233/JHS-230258
Su, L., Peng, Y., Kong, R., & Chen, Q. (2021). Impact of E-Commerce Adoption on
Farmers’ Participation in the Digital Financial Market: Evidence from Rural China.
Journal of Theoretical and Applied Electronic Commerce Research, 16(5), 1434
https://doi.org/10.3390/jtaer16050081
van Deursen, A. J. A. M., van der Zeeuw, A., de Boer, P., Jansen, G., & van Rompay, T.
(2021). Digital inequalities in the Internet of Things: differences in attitudes,
material access, skills, and usage. Information, Communication & Society, 24(2),
–276. https://doi.org/10.1080/1369118X.2019.1646777
Wann, T., Khongtim, J., & Chyne, R. C. (2024). Assessing the impact of information
literacy on farmers’ decision-making processes: A mixed-methods approach.
IFLA Journal, 50(3), 463–478. https://doi.org/10.1177/03400352241261730
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.